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HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 9 Lesson 4 Bullying

 HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 9 Lesson 4 Bullying

The Burning Issue of Bullying

In a study conducted in June 2021, it was found that 44.4 percent of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying.

Bullying typically refers to deliberate actions or repeated behaviour that can be verbal, physical, psychological, or social, which cause a serious extent of intimidation or offence to someone else. Such actions undermine, humiliate, and cause both physical and emotional harm to the subjects. Young students especially tend to be extremely vulnerable to bullying, mainly because many of them are not entirely aware of the concept - that is, victims do not realise that they are being bullied, and bullies do not realise that they are causing harm.

In a report by Unesco published in October 2019, it was shown that 23 percent of school students in Bangladesh are victims of bullying. In another study conducted in June 2021, it was found that 44.4 percent of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying. These data give us an idea of the prevalence of bullying in our country and how it is becoming a pressing issue by the day.

Existing data suggest that 44.4 percent of school students had experienced bullying victimisation. This is comparable to another study, according to a survey report by Unicef, which included a sample from 122 countries, where 35 percent of children aged between 13 and 15 years in Bangladesh said they experienced bullying at school.

Many children start bullying others without the knowledge of the consequences, not realising that their actions may be hurtful, as the actions often leave them with a feeling of authority over others. On the other hand, many children suffer from external trauma within their personal lives and tend to normalise crude behaviour within themselves, exerting their pent-up frustration on other children. Flipping the coin towards another perspective, many bullies have often been victims themselves.

Mostly, bullies go on to suffer negative impacts further down the line. Issues in relationships with friends and family, difficulty coping with varying work environments, anxiety disorders, and many more problems may arise as they transition into adulthood. The victims of bullying, on the other hand, grow up with serious mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, inferiority complex, eating disorders, and loneliness. Moreover, bullied children may also resort to becoming bullies themselves, keeping the cycle going.

Moreover, the counselling department of the school could also take initiatives such as organising workshops, conducting one-on-one sessions, and assigning a monitor among the students who would proactively address uncalled-for situations and inform teachers of them. Schools could also install complaint boxes which students can write to the authorities about any incidents that made them feel uncomfortable. To deal with such situations, students might also adopt a few strategies, such as standing up for each other, facing the bully in a group, and uniting against the bully to tackle him/her. As part of the development measure, they should be trained in groups from an early age to deal with such behaviour in a group.

Read the passage again and answer the questions:  

(1) What percentage of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying according to the June 2021 study? 

Answer. According to the June 2021 study, 44.4 percent of school students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying.   

(2) How is bullying defined in the provided text

Answer. Bullying is defined as deliberate actions or repeated behavior that can be verbal, physical, psychological, or social, causing intimidation or offense to someone else.  

(3) Why are young students particularly vulnerable to bullying? 

Answer. Young students are particularly vulnerable to bullying because they may not fully understand that they are being bullied, and the bullies may not realize they are causing harm. 

(4) What did the UNESCO report from October 2019 indicate about bullying among school students in Bangladesh? 

Answer. The UNESCO report from October 2019 indicated that 23 percent of school students in Bangladesh are victims of bullying.   

(5) How does the bullying rate in Bangladesh compare to the global rate reported by UNICEF

Answer. The bullying rate in Bangladesh is higher than the global rate reported by UNICEF, which found that 35 percent of children aged 13 to 15 experienced bullying at school in 122 countries. 

(6) When was the study conducted that found 44.4 percent of students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying? 

Answer. The study that found 44.4 percent of students in Bangladesh suffered from bullying was conducted in June 2021.   

(7) What types of bullying are mentioned in the text?

Answer. The types of bullying mentioned include verbal, physical, psychological, and social bullying.  

(8) What are some of the effects of bullying on victims, as described in the passage? 

Answer. Bullying can undermine, humiliate, and cause both physical and emotional harm to the victims.  

(9) Why might victims not realize they are being bullied?

Answer. Victims might not realize they are being bullied because they may lack awareness of the concept of bullying.    

(10) How does the text suggest that bullies may not recognize their actions? 

Answer. Bullies may not recognize their actions as harmful because they might not be fully aware of the impact their behavior has on others.   

(11) What percentage of school students in Bangladesh were reported as victims of bullying in the UNESCO report?

Answer. The UNESCO report indicated that 23 percent of school students in Bangladesh are victims of bullying.    

(12) What is the significance of the data presented regarding bullying in Bangladesh? 

Answer. The data presented highlight the prevalence of bullying in Bangladesh and suggest it is an increasing concern.  

(13) How does the UNICEF survey contribute to understanding bullying in Bangladesh? 

Answer. The UNICEF survey, which included children from 122 countries, provides a broader context for understanding the issue of bullying in Bangladesh.   

(14) What age group did the UNICEF survey focus on for bullying experiences? 

Answer. The UNICEF survey focused on children aged 13 to 15 years regarding their experiences with bullying.  

(15) What overall trend does the information in the text suggest about bullying in Bangladesh?

Answer. The information suggests that bullying is a significant and growing issue among school students in Bangladesh.

(16) Why do many children start bullying others, according to the passage?

Answer. Many children start bullying others without understanding the consequences, feeling a sense of authority over their peers.   

(17) What are some external factors that can lead children to become bullies? 

Answer. Some children may experience external trauma in their personal lives. normalizing crude behavior and expressing their frustrations on others. 

(18) How can being a bully affect a person's relationships as they grow older?

Answer. Being a bully can lead to issues in relationships with friends and family, and difficulties coping in work environments as they transition into adulthood. 

(19) What mental health issues do victims of bullying often face? 

Answer. Victims of bullying often struggle with serious mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, inferiority complexes, eating disorders, and feelings of loneliness.  

(20) What initiatives can the school counseling department take to address bullying? 

Answer. The school counseling department can organize workshops, conduct one-on-one sessions, and assign student monitors to address bullying incidents.  

(21) What motivates some children to bully others despite the potential harm? 

Answer. Some children bully others because they may not realize the harm their actions cause and feel a sense of power over their peers.  

(22) How can external trauma influence a child's behavior towards others? 

Answer. External trauma can lead children to normalize crude behavior, causing them to take out their frustrations on others. 

(23) Why do bullies often end up facing negative consequences in adulthood? 

Answer. Bullies may experience issues in their relationships and struggles in various environments, leading to anxiety disorders and other problems in adulthood. 

(24) What long-term effects can bullying have on victims? 

Answer. Victims of bullying can develop long-term mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, and may struggle with feelings of inferiority and loneliness.   

(25) In what ways can bullied children become bullies themselves? 

Answer. Bullied children might become bullies themselves as a way to cope with their experiences, perpetuating the cycle of bullying.

(26) What role can the counseling department play in combating bullying in schools? 

Answer. The counseling department can implement initiatives like workshops, one-on- one sessions, and student monitors to address bullying effectively.  

(27) How can workshops and one-on-one sessions help students dealing with bullying?

Answer. Workshops and individual sessions can provide support and coping strategies for students affected by bullying, helping them process their experiences.  

 (28) What is the purpose of installing complaint boxes in schools? 

Answer. Complaint boxes allow students to report uncomfortable incidents anonymously. It encourages them to speak up about bullying.

(29) What strategies can students adopt to confront bullying? 

Answer. Students can stand up for each other, confront bullies in groups, and unite to tackle bullying behavior together.

(30) Why is it important for students to be trained in groups to handle bullying situations?

Answer. Training students in groups to handle bullying situations is important because it fosters teamwork and collective responsibility in addressing the issue.

গুরুতর সমস্যা - হেনস্তা

২০২১ সালের জুনে পরিচালিত একটি গবেষণায় দেখা গেছে, বাংলাদেশের ৪৪.৪ শতাংশ স্কুল শিক্ষার্থী হেনস্তার শিকার হয়েছে।

হেনস্তা বলতে সাধারণত এমন ইচ্ছাকৃত কাজ বা পুনরাবৃত্ত আচরণকে বোঝায়, যা মৌখিক, শারীরিক, মানসিক বা সামাজিকভাবে অন্যকে গুরুতরভাবে ভীতি প্রদর্শন বা অপমান করার উদ্দেশ্যে করা হয়। এই ধরনের কাজগুলি ভুক্তভোগীদেরকে শারীরিক ও মানসিকভাবে ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত করে এবং তাদের মর্যাদাহানি করে। বিশেষ করে তরুণ শিক্ষার্থীরা হেনস্তার ব্যাপারে খুবই সংবেদনশীল, কারণ তাদের অনেকেই হেনস্তার ধারণা সম্পর্কে সম্পূর্ণভাবে সচেতন নয়। ভুক্তভোগীরা বুঝতে পারে না যে তারা হেনস্তার শিকার, এবং যারা হেনস্তা করে তারাও বুঝতে পারে না যে তারা ক্ষতি করছে।

ইউনেস্কোর একটি প্রতিবেদনে (অক্টোবর ২০১৯) দেখানো হয়েছে, বাংলাদেশের ২৩ শতাংশ স্কুল শিক্ষার্থী হেনস্তার শিকার হয়েছে। ২০২১ সালের জুনে পরিচালিত আরেকটি গবেষণায় ৪৪.৪ শতাংশ স্কুল শিক্ষার্থী হেনস্তার শিকার হয়েছে বলে জানা যায়। এই তথ্য আমাদের দেশে হেনস্তার প্রকোপ সম্পর্কে ধারণা দেয় এবং এটি কীভাবে দিন দিন একটি গুরুতর সমস্যা হয়ে উঠছে তা নির্দেশ করে।

বর্তমান তথ্য অনুসারে, ৪৪.৪ শতাংশ স্কুল শিক্ষার্থী হেনস্তার শিকার হয়েছে। ইউনিসেফের একটি জরিপ প্রতিবেদনের ভিত্তিতে, ১২২টি দেশের নমুনাসহ একটি সমীক্ষায় দেখা গেছে, বাংলাদেশের ১৩ থেকে ১৫ বছর বয়সী ৩৫ শতাংশ শিশু বলেছে যে তারা স্কুলে হেনস্তার শিকার হয়েছে।

অনেক শিশুই হেনস্তার পরিণতি সম্পর্কে না জেনে অন্যদের সাথে এই আচরণ করা শুরু করে, তারা বুঝতে পারবে না যে তাদের ক্রিয়াগুলি ক্ষতিকারক হতে পারে কারণ এই আচরণ প্রায়ই তাদের মধ্যে অন্যদের উপর ক্ষমতাবান হওয়ার অনুভূতি তৈরি করে। অন্যদিকে, অনেক শিশু তাদের ব্যক্তিগত জীবনে বাহ্যিক ট্রমার শিকার হয় এবং তাদের নিজেদের মধ্যে অশোভন আচরণকে স্বাভাবিক হিসেবে মেনে নেয়, এবং তারা তাদের মধ্যে জমে থাকা হতাশা অন্য শিশুদের উপর প্রকাশ করে। অন্য দিক থেকে দেখলে, হেনস্তার শিকার অনেকেই নিজেরা একসময় ভুক্তভোগী ছিল ।

হেনস্তাকারীরা প্রায়ই দীর্ঘমেয়াদে নেতিবাচক প্রভাবের ভুক্তভোগী হয়। প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক হওয়ার পরে তাদের মাঝে বন্ধু-বান্ধব ও পরিবারের সাথে সম্পর্কের টানাপোড়েন, বিভিন্ন কাজের পরিবেশের সাথে মানিয়ে নিতে অসুবিধা হওয়া, উদ্বেগজনিত ব্যাধি এবং আরও অনেক সমস্যা দেখা দিতে পারে। অন্যদিকে, হেনস্তার শিকার ব্যক্তিরা গুরুতর মানসিক স্বাস্থ্যসমস্যা নিয়ে বড় হয়, যার মধ্যে রয়েছে বিষণ্নতা, উদ্বেগ, হীনমন্যতা, খাদ্যাভাস ব্যাধি এবং একাকীত্ব। এছাড়াও, হেনস্তার শিকার শিশুরাও পরবর্তীতে হেনস্তাকারীতে পরিণত হতে পারে, এভাবে চক্রটি চলতেই থাকে ।

স্কুলের কাউন্সেলিং বিভাগ বিভিন্ন উদ্যোগ নিতে পারে, যেমন : কর্মশালা আয়োজন করা, মুখোমুখি সেশন পরিচালনা করা এবং শিক্ষার্থীদের মধ্যে পর্যবেক্ষক নিয়োগ করা, যিনি সক্রিয়ভাবে অনাকাঙ্ক্ষিত পরিস্থিতি মোকাবিলা করবেন এবং শিক্ষকদেরকে জানানোর ব্যবস্থা করবেন। স্কুলগুলোতে অভিযোগ বাক্স স্থাপন করা যেতে পারে, যার মাধ্যমে শিক্ষার্থীরা তাদের অস্বস্তিকর মনে হয়েছে এমন যেকোনো ঘটনা সম্পর্কে কর্তৃপক্ষকে লিখতে পারে। এ ধরনের পরিস্থিতির মোকাবিলায় শিক্ষার্থীরা কিছু কৌশলও গ্রহণ করতে পারে, যেমন পরস্পরকে সহায়তা করা, দলবদ্ধভাবে হেনস্তা প্রতিরোধ করা এবং ঐক্যবদ্ধ হয়ে হেনস্তাকারীকে মোকাবিলা করা । পরিস্থিতি উন্নয়নের অংশ হিসেবে, শুরু থেকেই এমন আচরণ দলগতভাবে মোকাবিলার জন্য তাদেরকে প্রশিক্ষণ দেওয়া উচিত।

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