Skip to main content

Featured post

Roasting Organic Beans in Dedicated Equipment to Prevent Cross-contamination

HSC English First Paper English For To

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 12 Lesson 3 Environmental Justice

Environmental Justice

What is Environmental Justice

1. When an explosion in the Union Carbide Chemical Plant in Bhopal, India, killed thousands of people on the night of December 2, 1984, it was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster. When a reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Ukraine in the former Soviet Union exploded just two years later killing an undisclosed number of workers, it was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster. So too when the world learned of the ecological and human cost of decades of petroleum-waste dumping in the Niger Delta by Royal Dutch Shell in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the attempt to privatize water in Bolivia by the Bechtel Corporation in the 1990s, the death of close to two thousand people in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina in 2005, or even the horrific aftermath of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki six decades earlier, each was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster.  

2. In fact, these and other similar environmental disasters are neither singular nor isolated. Rather, they are clearly interconnected; they are caused by human beings; and they disproportionately negatively impact poor people and women. That is what Environmental Justice as a movement understands. What is often regarded as a natural disaster is upon closer examination the result of sometimes shortsighted and other times reckless even pernicious corporate, governmental, or individual environmental practices that target and disadvantage vulnerable groups. 3. As a concept and a movement now global in scope, Environmental Justice holds that environmental burdens and benefits should be shared equally by all people. It recognizes that currently the negative impacts of ecological devastation, particularly the environmental harm and hazards created by overconsumption of resources in the global North and by elites worldwide, fall disproportionately on the world's Poor, the vast majority of whom are people of colur, especially women and children.

4. Simultaneously, the benefits of that overconsumption are enjoyed primarily by the privileged around the world, a fraction of the earth's population. Environmental Justice, commonly referred to as EJ, seeks to make these facts visible and to bring people together to work for positive change.  

5. Environmental Justice links two large, foundational bodies of modern thought and activist engagement. It yokes concern for the environment, including all life on the planet, to commitment to social justice: human equity in terms of race, gender, religion, nationality, and class. Environmental Justice bridges the gap between [the] two movements: environmentalism and human rights advocacy. It not only brings them together for positive change but also shows their inextricable connectedness.  

6. Environmental Justice therefore represents a new, important body of thought and action at the beginning of the twenty-first century, especially as people around the world face the realities of climate change, increasing toxicity, resource depletion, and the rapid disappearance of species and arable land on which the health of many human communities depends. Fundamental to both the concept of Environmental Justice and the activist EJ movement is the search for fair ways of sharing environmental burdens and benefits and collectively creating a future in which the dignity and rights of all people are respected.

Read the passage again and answer the questions:  

(1) What disaster occurred at the Union Carbide Chemical Plant in Bhopal, India. In 1984?

Answer. An explosion occurred at the Union Carbide Chemical Plant in Bhopal, India, on December 2, 1984. The disaster killed thousands of people.  

 (2) How was the explosion at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant viewed in relation to the Bhopal disaster?

Answer. The explosion at Chernobyl was also regarded as a terrible but singular disaster, similar to Bhopal.    

(3) What are some examples of other environmental disasters mentioned in the text? 

Answer. Other examples of environmental disaster's include petroleum-waste dumping in the Niger Delta, water privatization in Bolivia, Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  

(4) What does the Environmental Justice movement understand about these disasters?

Answer. The Environmental Justice movement understands that these disasters are interconnected and caused by human actions, rather than being singular events.

 (5) How do these disasters disproportionately affect certain groups of people? 

Answer. These disasters disproportionately negatively impact poor people and women, targeting and disadvantaging vulnerable groups.  

(6) What was the result of the explosion at the Union Carbide Chemical Plant in 1964?

Answer. The explosion at the Union Carbide Chemical Plant resulted in the deaths of thousands of people.  

 (7) How did the world react to the Chernobyl disaster two years after Bhopal?

Answer. The Chernobyl disaster was also viewed as a singular and terrible event, much like Bhopal.   

(8) What are some key events mentioned that exemplify environmental disasters? 

Answer. Key events include the ecological damage in the Niger Delta, water privatization in Bolivia, Hurricane Katrina, and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.   

(9) According to the text, how are these disasters related to human actions?

Answer. These disasters are connected and caused by human actions, not isolated incidents.    

(10) What is a significant aspect of the Environmental Justice movement's understanding of these disasters?

Answer. The Environmental Justice movement recognizes the interconnectedness of these disasters and their causes.    

(11) Why are disasters often seen as natural, despite their human causes?

Answer. Disasters are often seen as natural due to a lack of awareness about their human-driven causes.    

(12) What are some specific groups that suffer more from these environmental disasters?

Answer. Poor people and women are specific groups that suffer disproportionately from these disasters. 

(13) How do corporate and governmental practices contribute to environmental disasters?

Answer. Reckless corporate and governmental practices contribute to the environmental degradation that leads to disasters.   

(14) What did the environmental Impacts of Royal Dutch Shell in the Niger Delta illustrate? 

Answer. The environmental impacts of Royal Dutch Shell in the Niger Delta highlight the ongoing harm caused by corporate negligence.  

(15) How does the text suggest we should view the relationship between disasters and vulnerable communities?

Answer. The text suggests that we should view these disasters as deeply connected to the struggles of vulnerable communities, rather than as isolated events.

(16) What is the main goal of Environmental Justice (EJ) as a global movement?

Answer. The main goal of Environmental Justice is to ensure that environmental burdens and benefits are shared equally by all people.  

 (17) Who are most affected by the environmental harm and hazards mentioned in the text? 

Answer. The world's poor, especially people of color, women, and children, are most affected by environmental harm and hazards.  

(18) How does Environmental Justice link environmental concerns with social justice?

Answer. Environmental Justice links concern for the environment with a commitment to social justice by addressing issues of race, gender, religion, nationality, and class.

 (19) What two foundational bodies of modern thought does Environmental Justice connect?

Answer. Environmental Justice connects environmentalism with human rights.

 (20) Why is Environmental Justice considered important in the twenty-first century?

Answer. Environmental Justice is important in the twenty-first century because it addresses the global challenges of climate change, resource depletion, and the need for equitable solutions.  

(21) What does Environmental Justice aim to achieve with regard to environmental burdens and benefits? 

Answer. Environmental Justice seeks to achieve an equal sharing of environmental burdens and benefits among all people.   

(22) Who suffers the most from ecological devastation caused by overconsumption in the global North? 

Answer. The poor, especially people of color, women, and children, suffer the most from ecological devastation caused by overconsumption in the global North.   

(23) Who enjoys the benefits of overconsumption, according to Environmental Justice?

Answer. The privileged minority around the world primarily enjoys the benefits of overconsumption.   

(24) How does Environmental Justice bring people together for positive change? 

Answer. Environmental Justice brings people together by making the unequal distribution of environmental harm and benefits visible and fostering collaboration for change.  

(25) What two movements does Environmental Justice bridge together? 

Answer. Environmental Justice bridges environmentalism and human rights advocacy.  

(26) What does Environmental Justice show about the connection between environmentalism and human rights advocacy? 

Answer. Environmental Justice shows that environmentalism and human rights advocacy are inextricably connected.   

(27) Why is Environmental Justice a significant movement in the twenty-first century?

Answer. It is significant because it addresses pressing issues like climate change. resource depletion, and the need for equitable solutions.  

(28) How does Environmental Justice address issues of race, gender, and class? 

Answer. Environmental Justice addresses these issues by promoting fairness and equity in how environmental impacts and benefits are distributed.   

(29) What are some of the global realities that make Environmental Justice relevant today? 

Answer. Global realities such as climate change, increasing toxicity, and the depletion of resources make Environmental Justice relevant.  

(30) What does Environmental Justice seek to achieve for the dignity and rights of all people?

Answer. Environmental Justice seeks to create a future where the dignity and rights of all people are respected and protected.

āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ

āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ āĻ•ি?

ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ē āϏাāϞেāϰ ⧍ āĻĄিāϏেāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āϰাāϤে, āĻ­াāϰāϤেāϰ āĻ­োāĻĒাāϞেāϰ āχāωāύিāϝ়āύ āĻ•াāϰ্āĻŦাāχāĻĄ āĻ•েāĻŽিāĻ•্āϝাāϞ āĻĒ্āϞ্āϝাāύ্āϟে āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻŦিāϏ্āĻĢোāϰāĻŖে āĻšাāϜাāϰ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ āύিāĻšāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ, āĻāĻŦং āĻāϟি āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻ­āϝ়াāĻŦāĻš āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝāϝ় āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ। āĻĻুāχ āĻŦāĻ›āϰ āĻĒāϰ āϏাāĻŦেāĻ• āϏোāĻ­িāϝ়েāϤ āχāωāύিāϝ়āύেāϰ āχāωāĻ•্āϰেāύে āϚেāϰāύোāĻŦিāϞ āĻĒাāϰāĻŽাāĻŖāĻŦিāĻ• āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝুā§ŽāĻ•েāύ্āĻĻ্āϰে āĻāĻ•āϟি āϰিāĻ…্āϝাāĻ•্āϟāϰ āĻŦিāϏ্āĻĢোāϰāĻŖে āĻ…āϜ্āĻžাāϤ āϏংāĻ–্āϝāĻ• āĻļ্āϰāĻŽিāĻ• āύিāĻšāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ, āĻāϟিāĻ•েāĻ“ āĻ­āϝ়াāĻŦāĻš āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝāϝ় āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚāύা āĻ•āϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ। āĻŦিংāĻļ āĻļāϤāĻ•েāϰ āĻļেāώ āĻĒ্āϰাāύ্āϤিāĻ•ে āϰāϝ়্āϝাāϞ āĻĄাāϚ āĻļেāϞ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻĄেāϞ্āϟা āύāĻĻীāϤে āĻ•āϝ়েāĻ• āĻĻāĻļāĻ• āϧāϰে āĻĒেāϟ্āϰোāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ āϤāϰāϞ āĻŦāϰ্āϜ্āϝ āĻĢেāϞাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāύāĻŦিāĻ• āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ•ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āϜাāύāϤে āĻĒেāϰেāĻ›িāϞ। āĻ•োāĻŽ্āĻĒাāύিāϰ āĻĒেāϟ্āϰোāϞিāϝ়াāĻŽ-āϤāϰāϞ āĻŦāϰ্āϜ্āϝ āĻĄেāϞ্āϟা āύāĻĻীāϤে āĻĢেāϞা, ⧧⧝⧝ā§Ļ āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāĻ•ে āĻŦেāĻ–āϟেāϞ āĻ•āϰ্āĻĒোāϰেāĻļāύেāϰ āĻŦāϞিāĻ­িāϝ়াāϝ় āĻĒাāύি āĻŦেāϏāϰāĻ•াāϰীāĻ•āϰāĻŖেāϰ āϚেāώ্āϟা, ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ģ āϏাāϞে āĻšাāϰিāĻ•েāύ āĻ•্āϝাāϟāϰিāύাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āύিāω āĻ…āϰāϞিāύ্āϏে āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ় āĻĻুāχ āĻšাāϜাāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু, āĻāĻŽāύāĻ•ি āĻ›āϝ় āĻĻāĻļāĻ• āφāĻ—ে āĻšিāϰোāĻļিāĻŽা āĻāĻŦং āύাāĻ—াāϏাāĻ•িāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻŽাāĻŖāĻŦিāĻ• āĻŦোāĻŽা āĻĢেāϞাāϰ āĻ­āϝ়াāĻŦāĻš āĻĒāϰিāĻŖāϤিāĻ“ āĻ­āϝ়াāĻŦāĻš āĻ•িāύ্āϤু āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝāϝ় āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāϚিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻ›িāϞ।  

āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤāĻĒāĻ•্āώে, āĻāχāϏāĻŦ āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āχ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻŦিāĻĒāϰ্āϝāϝ়āĻ—ুāϞো āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻŦা āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›িāύ্āύ āύāϝ়। āĻŦāϰং, āĻāĻ—ুāϞো āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াāĻŦে āφāύ্āϤঃāϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ; āĻāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏৃāώ্āϟ; āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ—ুāϞো āĻ…āύুāύ্āύāϤ āϜāύāĻ—āĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āύাāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻ…āϏāĻŽāĻ­াāĻŦে āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ āĻĢেāϞে। āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻāύāĻ­াāϝ়āϰāύāĻŽেāύ্āϟাāϞ āϜাāϏ্āϟিāϏ (āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ)-āĻāϰ āĻāϟিāχ āĻšāϞো āĻŽূāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĒাāĻĻ্āϝ। āϝেāĻ—ুāϞোāĻ•ে āφāĻŽāϰা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āχ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻĻুāϰ্āϝোāĻ— āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āϧāϰে āύিāχ, āύিāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻĒāϰ্āϝāĻŦেāĻ•্āώāĻŖে āϤা āĻ…āύেāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ…āĻĻূāϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļী āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāĻেāĻŽাāĻেāχ āĻŦেāĻĒāϰোāϝ়া, āĻāĻŽāύāĻ•ি āĻ…āĻļুāĻ­ āĻ•āϰ্āĻĒোāϰেāϟ, āϏāϰāĻ•াāϰি āĻŦা āĻŦ্āϝāĻ•্āϤিāĻ—āϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āϰীāϤিāύীāϤিāϰ āĻ•াāϰāĻŖে āϏৃāώ্āϟ, āϝা āĻŦিāĻļেāώāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻŦāϞ āϜāύāĻ—োāώ্āĻ ীāĻ—ুāϞোāĻ•ে āφāĻ•্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰāĻ•ে āĻ…āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĢেāϞে āĻĻেāϝ়।

āĻāĻ•āϟি āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ•āϟি āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে, āϝা āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦৈāĻļ্āĻŦিāĻ• āĻĒāϰ্āϝাāϝ়ে āĻŦিāϏ্āϤৃāϤ, āĻāύāĻ­াāϝ়āϰāύāĻŽেāύ্āϟাāϞ āϜাāϏ্āϟিāϏ (āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ) āĻāχ āϧাāϰāĻŖা āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āϝে, āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻĻাāϝ় āφāϰ āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāĻ—ুāϞো āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϏāĻŽাāύāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻ­াāĻ—াāĻ­াāĻ—ি āĻ•āϰা āωāϚিāϤ। āĻāϟিāϰ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻ•াāϰ্āϝ āĻāχ āϝে, āĻŦāϰ্āϤāĻŽাāύে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏāϝāϜ্āĻžেāϰ āύেāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĒ্āϰāĻ­াāĻŦ, āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϤ āĻŦৈāĻļ্āĻŦিāĻ• āωāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻ—োāϞাāϰ্āϧে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুāĻĄ়ে āĻ…āĻ­িāϜাāϤāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰে āϏৃāώ্āϟ āĻ•্āώāϤি āĻ“ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻ, āĻ…āϏāĻŽāĻ­াāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻĻāϰিāĻĻ্āϰ āϜāύāĻ—োāώ্āĻ ীāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻ›ে, āϝাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦেāĻļিāϰāĻ­াāĻ—āχ āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāĻ—োāώ্āĻ ীāϰ āĻŽাāύুāώ, āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϤ āύাāϰী āĻāĻŦং āĻļিāĻļু।

āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি, āĻ…āϤিāϰিāĻ•্āϤ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰেāϰ āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāĻ—ুāϞো āĻŽূāϞāϤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāĻ­োāĻ—ীāϰা āωāĻĒāĻ­োāĻ— āĻ•āϰে, āϝাāϰা āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϰ āϜāύāϏংāĻ–্āϝাāϰ āĻ•্āώুāĻĻ্āϰ āĻ…ংāĻļ। āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ, āϝা āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ EJ āύাāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤ, āĻāχ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻ—ুāϞোāĻ•ে āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āϟāĻ­াāĻŦে āϤুāϞে āϧāϰাāϰ āϚেāώ্āϟা āĻ•āϰে āĻāĻŦং āχāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻŽাāύুāώāĻ•ে āĻāĻ•āϤ্āϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āĻ•াāϜ āĻ•āϰাāϰ āφāĻš্āĻŦাāύ āϜাāύাāϝ়।  

āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ āĻĻুāϟি āϰāĻĄ়, āφāϧুāύিāĻ• āϚিāύ্āϤাāϧাāϰা āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻ•্āϰিāϝ়āϤাāĻŽূāϞāĻ• āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύেāϰ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāĻ•ে āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āωāĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻ—āĻ•ে, āϝা āĻāχ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϰ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āϜীāĻŦāϜāύ্āϤু āĻ…āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻ­ুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে, āϏাāĻŽাāϜিāĻ• āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻļ্āϰুāϤিāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤ āĻ•āϰে; āϝা āĻšāϞো āϜাāϤি, āϞিāĻ™্āĻ—, āϧāϰ্āĻŽ, āϜাāϤীāϝ়āϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖিāϰ āĻĻিāĻ• āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻŽাāύāĻŦিāĻ• āϏāĻŽāϤা। āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāύāĻŦাāϧিāĻ•াāϰ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝেāĻ•াāϰ āĻĢাঁāĻ•āϟি āĻĒূāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে। āĻāϟি āĻļুāϧু āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āχāϤিāĻŦাāϚāĻ• āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ•āϤ্āϰিāϤ āĻ•āϰে āύা, āĻŦāϰং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ…āĻŦিāϚ্āĻ›েāĻĻ্āϝ āϏংāϝুāĻ•্āϤিāϤাāĻ“  āĻĻেāĻ–াāϝ় ।  

āϏুāϤāϰাং, āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰ āĻāĻ•āĻŦিংāĻļ āĻļāϤাāĻŦ্āĻĻীāϰ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āĻāĻ•āϟি āύāϤুāύ, āĻ—ুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϚিāύ্āϤাāϧাāϰা āĻāĻŦং āĻ•āϰ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ āĻ•āϰে, āĻŦিāĻļেāώāϤ āϝāĻ–āύ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāϜুāĻĄ়ে āϜāϞāĻŦাāϝ়ু āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ, āĻŦিāώাāĻ•্āϤāϤা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি, āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāϰ āĻš্āϰাāϏ, āĻāĻŦং āĻ•ৃāώি āϜāĻŽিāϰ āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āĻŦিāϞুāĻĒ্āϤিāϰ āĻŦাāϏ্āϤāĻŦāϤাāϰ āĻŽুāĻ–োāĻŽুāĻ–ি āĻšāϚ্āĻ›ে, āϝাāϰ āĻ“āĻĒāϰ āĻ…āύেāĻ• āĻŽাāύāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāϝ়েāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āύিāϰ্āĻ­āϰ āĻ•āϰে। āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āύ্āϝাāϝ়āĻŦিāϚাāϰেāϰ āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻ•্āϰিāϝ় EJ āφāύ্āĻĻোāϞāύেāϰ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤিāϤে āϰāϝ়েāĻ›ে āύ্āϝাāϝ্āϝ āωāĻĒাāϝ়ে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻ—āϤ āĻĻাāϝ় āĻ“ āϏুāĻŦিāϧাāĻ—ুāϞো āĻ­াāĻ—াāĻ­াāĻ—ি āĻ•āϰাāϰ āωāĻĒাāϝ় āĻ…āύুāϏāύ্āϧাāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ• āĻ­āĻŦিāώ্āĻ¯ā§Ž āύিāϰ্āĻŽাāĻŖ, āϝেāĻ–াāύে āϏāĻ•āϞ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻŽāϰ্āϝাāĻĻা āĻāĻŦং āĻ…āϧিāĻ•াāϰ āϏāĻŽুāύ্āύāϤ āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে। 

Popular Posts

Write a paragraph on environment pollution āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻĻূāώāĻŖ

Write a paragraph on environment pollution (āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļ āĻĻূāώāĻŖ) Environment Pollution Environment pollution means the pollution of air, water, sound, odour, soil and other elements of it. We need safe and clean environment. Pollution of it has tremendous bad effects. Any sort of pollution may bring the doom of life. At present, our environment is being polluted at an alarming rate, Air, the most important element of environment is polluted by smoke from railway engines and power-houses, or the burning of coal and oil or the making of bricks. Water, another vital element is being polluted by the use of chemicals and insecticides or oil seeping from damaged super tankers or by industrial discharge. Sound pollution is caused by the use of microphones and loud speakers. All these pollutions may wipe out our existence from the earth. The destruction of forest also causes environment imbalance that makes the wild animals wipe out. So, it is our moral duty to prevent environment pollution. We must ...

HSC English First Paper English For Today Unit 3 Lesson 4

HSC English First Paper English For Today Unit 3 Lesson 4 Khona The mythical story of Khona is deeply rooted in Bangla folklore. Khona, originally named Lila, an incredible woman with a gift for predicting weather and understanding the ways of farming. Her wisdom was shared through memorable rhyming verses known as “Khona's Words" or "Khonar Bochon." These sayings, though simple and easy to remember, were filled with practical advice for farmers. Khona used her knowledge to help the peasants, but her actions often challenged the ruling class. The rulers, not pleased with her defiance, punished her cruelly by cutting out her tongue. Thus she became known as Khona, which means “someone who cannot speak." Despite this harsh punishment, her wisdom lived on through her sayings, which have been passed down for over 1500 years. There are many versions of Khona's story. One retelling goes like this: in the kingdom of Deyulnagar, there was a royal astrologer n...

Ecotourism -Read the passage and answer the questions Unit 9 Lesson 3c English For Today

Read the passage and answer the questions Ecotourism is a booming business that many tour operators cite as being helpful to nature.(āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻŦাāύ্āϧāĻŦ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāύ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĻ্āϰুāϤ āϏāĻŽৃāĻĻ্āϧিāĻŽāϝ় āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏা āϝা āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāύ āĻĒāϰিāϚাāϞāύাāĻ•াāϰীāĻŦৃāύ্āĻĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ• āĻŦāϞে āφāĻ–্āϝাāϝ়িāϤ āĻ•āϰেāύ) Every year, millions of people descend on protected and pristine natural areas to observe rare species. (āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻŦāĻ›āϰ, āϞāĻ•্āώ āϞāĻ•্āώ āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻĻুāϰ্āϞāĻ­ āĻĒ্āϰāϜাāϤিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖীāĻ—ুāϞোāĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻ–āϤে āϏংāϰāĻ•্āώিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻļুāĻĻ্āϧāϤা āĻŦিāϰাāϜāĻŽাāύ āφāĻ›ে āĻāĻŽāύ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻ•ৃāϤিāĻ• āĻ…āĻž্āϚāϞ āĻ­্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ•āϰে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।) However, a new report casts doubt on the value of this form of tourism.(āϝাāĻšোāĻ•, āĻāĻ•āϟি āύāϤুāύ āϧāϰāĻŖেāϰ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāύেāϰ āωāĻĒāĻ•াāϰিāϤাāĻ•ে āϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻšেāϰ āύāϜāϰে āĻĻেāĻ–āĻ›ে।) In fact, it suggests that ecotourism is more damaging than helpful to nature. (āĻŦাāϏ্āϤāĻŦে, āĻāϟি āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļ āĻĻিāϚ্āĻ›ে āϝে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦেāĻļāĻŦাāύ্āϧāĻŦ āĻĒāϰ্āϝāϟāύ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•ৃāϤিāϰ āϜāύ্āϝ āϏāĻšাāϝ়āĻ•েāϰ āϚেāϝ়ে āĻ…āϧিāĻ•āϤāϰ āĻ•্āώāϤিāĻ•āϰ।) Details are in a report published in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution’. (‘āϟ্āϰেāύ্āĻĄāϏ āχāύ āχāĻ•োāϞāϜি āĻ…্āϝাāύ্āĻĄ āχāĻ­োāϞিāωāĻļāύ’ āϏাāĻŽāϝ়িāĻ• āĻĒāϤ্āϰিāĻ•াāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāĻļিāϤ āĻāĻ•āϟি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻĻāύে āĻŦিāϏ্āϤাāϰিāϤ āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϝ়...