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SSC English First Paper Unit-2 Lesson-3 Mans and Climate

SSC English First Paper Unit-2 Lesson-3 Mans and Climate

 Mans and Climate

Read the passage. Then answer the questions below.  

Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere. Only during the last hundred years the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this.  

The main cause of the Increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal. Besides coal other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity. Nowadays, about 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned. It releases carbon dioxide into the air.

Therefore. It is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated worldwide by humans. Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation. which means cutting down trees. Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture. This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned up release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. On the other hand, as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen Instead, we also destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests.

SSC English First Paper Unit-2 Lesson-3 Mans and Climate

এসএসসি ইংলিশ ফার্স্ট পেপার ইউনিট - টু লেসন - থ্রি

মানুষ এবং জলবায়ু

বঙ্গানুবাদ : মানুষ সূর্যের বিকিরণ এমনকি সূর্যের চারদিকে পৃথিবীর কক্ষপথ পরিবর্তন করতে পারে না। কিন্তু তারা গ্রীনহাউজ গ্যাসের পরিমাণ এবং বায়ুমণ্ডলে এর প্রভাব বৃদ্ধি নিয়ন্ত্রণ করতে পারে। শুধুমাত্র গত একশ বছরে বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাইঅক্সাইডের পরিমাণ আশংকাজনকভাবে বৃদ্ধি পেয়েছে এবং আমরা মানুষেরা এর জন্য দায়ী।  

বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাইঅক্সাইডের মাত্রা বৃদ্ধির প্রধান কারণ হচ্ছে জীবাশ্ম জ্বালানির দহন । উনবিংশ শতাব্দীর শেষ হতে বাণিজ্যিক কর্মকাণ্ডের দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি অনেক কারখানার সূচনা করছে। এই সকল কারখানার প্রয়োজনীয় কর্মশক্তি কয়লা পুড়িয়ে উৎপাদন করা হত। ঘরকে উষ্ণ রাখা, মোটরগাড়ি এবং উড়োজাহাজ চালনা এবং বিদ্যুৎ উৎপাদনের কাজে কয়লা ব্যতীত শক্তির অন্যান্য উৎস যেমন খনিজ তেল এবং প্রাকৃতিক গ্যাস পোড়ানো হতো। বর্তমানে প্রতিদিন প্রায় ৮৫ মিলিয়ন ব্যারেল অশোধিত তেল পোড়ানো হয়। প্রতিবছর জীবাশ্ম কাঁচামাল পোড়ানোর সাথে সাথে বাতাসে কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইড উন্মুক্ত হয়।  

সুতরাং এটি পরিষ্কার যে, বিশ্বব্যাপী কার্বন ডাই অক্সাইডের মতো আরও অনেক গ্রীনহাউজ গ্যাস মানুষ যারা প্রতিনিয়ত উৎপাদিত হচ্ছে। এছাড়াও আমরা বৃক্ষ নিধনের মাধ্যমে গ্রীনহাউজ প্রতিক্রিয়া জোরদার করে তুলছি। মানুষ প্রতিবছর কাঠ সংগ্রহ, খনি ও পশুচারণ ভূমির এলাকা তৈরির জন্য বিশাল এলাকা জুড়ে বনভূমি ধ্বংস করে ফেলছে। বনভূমির এই হ্রাস দ্বৈত সমস্যার জন্ম দেয়। যেসব গাছ পোড়ানো হয়, সেসব বায়ুমণ্ডলে কার্বন ডাইঅক্সাইড ত্যাগ করে। অপরদিকে বনভূমি ধ্বংসের সাথে সাথে কার্বন ডাইঅক্সাইড সঞ্চয়কারী গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উৎস ধ্বংস হয়। কারণ, বনভূমি বাতাস হতে সবচেয়ে বেশি কার্বন ডাইঅক্সাইড শোষণ করে এবং পরিবর্তে অক্সিজেন ত্যাগ করে। 

Answer the following questions. 

(1) From your reading of the first paragraph describe how we are responsible for the increase of greenhouse gases.

Answer. During the last hundred years only, the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans are totally responsible for this.    

(2) "Humans can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun." Why? What can they? 

Answer. Man can neither change the sun's radiation nor the earth's orbit around the sun because they are natural phenomena. But man can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere.  

(3) What is the main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere? Describe in brief. 

Answer. The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels, like coal, mineral od and natural gas.   

(4) Briefly describe why enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people every year

Answer. Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people. They do so in order to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture.   

(5) Do you agree with the view that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction? Give reasons for your answer in the light of the passage.

Answer. Yes, I agree with the view that indiscriminate cutting down of trees is taking us to destruction. It is because- (i) trees burned down releasing a large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air and (ii) an important carbon dioxide storehouse is destroyed with the forests as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air.  

(6) When did the Industrial activities Increase? What was the result of it? 

Answer. The Industrial activities increased since the end of the 19th century. The result of was the rise of many factories.   

(7) What are the sources of energy other than coal mentioned in the passage? Why do we burn them?

Answer. The sources of energy other than coal mentioned in the passage are mineral oil and natural gas. We burn them to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity.    

(8) What happens when a fossil raw material is burned? 

Answer. When a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air.   

(9) How are we strengthening the greenhouse effect?

Answer. We are strengthening the greenhouse effect by cutting down trees and destroying enormous areas of forests every year to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture.   

(10) This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Explain. 

Answer. The first problem is that trees that are burned up release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air. The second one is that we destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests.  

(11) What happens when trees are burned up? 

Answer. When trees are burned up, they release large volumes of carbon dioxide gas into the air.  

(12) Why do we destroy an Important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests?

Answer. We destroy an important storehouse of carbon dioxide when we clear forests because forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air.

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