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HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 10 Lesson 5 Consumerism
Consumerism
We spend money for different reasons. We buy foods, clothes or everyday essentials, pay for different services, entertain people, travel to places, help others in need or invest in business and thus spend money every day. In fact, spending is a part of our life.
Spending may make us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend. When we spend money on things that we need and within our limit, it is good. When it becomes a compulsive behaviour, it makes life stressful. Unnecessary spending or spending beyond one's means has some bad effects. For one thing, it may lead to financial ruin or debt, and for another, it may create unhappiness within families. People who overspend are never satisfied with what they have. They always rush for brands, fashion items, designer clothes etc. Over a period of time it becomes an addiction which may eventually create psychological problems.
Nowadays consumer items are displayed in stores or in advertisements in ways that they create a feeling of immediate need for them. We are constantly tempted to buy, use or consume things even when we do not have a genuine need. We all need to be careful here. Salespersons often encourage customers to buy things by flattering them. 'This is a perfect match for you,' they would say, or 'You look so stunning in that dress.' Never forget, they say the same thing to most of their customers. It is better not to be persuaded by such words. They use these words to please the customers as the more a customer buys, the higher the profit is. Overspending is not only related to shopping, it applies to other activities as well such as eating out. Many people buy too many items to eat in a restaurant. They can eat only some of them and the rest are wasted. It's not a responsible attitude. We cannot simply waste food because we have money to buy it.
Young people in a shopping mall often look at an item on display and think 'Oh I must buy this. I really need this.' They may not have the money needed in their wallet. So they use credit cards but using them is like taking a loan. If they are not careful, the loans increase which might lead them to a debt-trap.
Sometimes children insist on buying things that their parents cannot pay without stretching their budget. This may happen because the children's friends also have them. It's not fair as it becomes a burden for the parents.
Finally, don't get trapped by the glossy advertisements on television or the Internet. You should rather ask yourself: 'Do I need this?' The best way to control the habit of spending is not to think 'What I need', but 'Can I do without it?'
Answer the following questions.
(1) Why are you tempted constantly to buy consumer items?
Answer. Nowadays consumer items are displayed in stores or in advertisements in ways that they create a feeling of immediate need for them. We are constantly tempted to buy, use or consume things even when we do not have a genuine need. Moreover, salespersons often encourage us to buy things by flattering us.
(2) What happens when you spend unnecessarily or spend beyond your means?
Answer. Spending is a part of our life. But when we spend unnecessarily or spend beyond our means, it has some bad effects. For one thing, it may lead to financial ruin or debt, and for another, it may create unhappiness within families. People who overspend are never satisfied with what they have. They always rush for brands, fashion items, designer clothes etc. Over a period of time it becomes an addiction which may eventually create psychological problems.
(3) What, according to the passage, are the reasons for which people spend money?
Answer. According to the passage, people spend money for different reasons. They buy foods, clothes or everyday essentials, pay for different services, entertain people, travel to places, help others in need or invest in business and thus spend money every day.
(4) How can you control the habit of spending?
Answer. Controlling the habit of spending is really tough. Moreover, consumer Items are displayed in stores or in advertisements in ways that they create a feeling of immediate need for them. Besides, there are salespersons who often encourage us to buy things by flattering us. So, the best way to control the habit of spending is not to think "What I need', but. 'Can I do without it?'.
(5) How, according to the writer of the prose piece, does spending make you happy or unhappy?
Answer. According to the writer of the prose piece, spending is a part of our life. It makes us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend. When we spend money on things that we need and within our limit, it is good and consequently It makes us happy. But when it becomes a compulsive behaviour, It makes our life stressful and we become unhappy.
āĻোāĻāĻŦাāĻĻ
āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻাāϰāĻŖে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰি । āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāĻŦাāϰ, āĻাāĻŽাāĻাāĻĒāĻĄ় āĻŦা āĻĻৈāύāύ্āĻĻিāύ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āĻিāύিāϏāĻুāϞি āĻিāύি, āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āϏেāĻŦাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻāϰি, āϞোāĻāĻāύāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻĒ্āϝাāϝ়āύ āĻāϰি, āĻাāϝ়āĻাāϝ় āĻাāϝ়āĻাāϝ় āĻ্āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻāϰি, āĻ āύ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰি āĻŦা āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāϏাāϝ় āĻŦিāύিāϝ়োāĻ āĻāϰি āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĻিāύ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰি । āĻāϏāϞে, āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ ংāĻļ ।
āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻেāύ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰি āϤাāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻāϰ āĻāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰāĻে āϏুāĻী āĻŦা āĻ āϏুāĻী āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻāĻŽāϰা āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āĻিāύিāϏāĻুāϞিāϤে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏীāĻŽাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰি, āϤāĻāύ āϤা āĻাāϞ । āϝāĻāύ āϤা āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦাāϧ্āϝāϤাāĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻāĻāϰāĻŖে āĻĒāϰিāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝ়, āϤāĻāύ āϤা āĻীāĻŦāύāĻে āĻাāĻĒāϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰে āϤোāϞে। āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āĻāϰāĻ āĻŦা āύিāĻেāϰ āϏাāϧ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦাāĻāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰাāϰ āĻিāĻু āĻাāϰাāĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻŦ āϰāϝ়েāĻে। āĻāĻ āĻিāύিāϏেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ, āϤা āĻāϰ্āĻĨিāĻ āϧ্āĻŦংāϏ āĻŦা āĻāĻŖেāϰ āĻĻিāĻে āύিāϝ়ে āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ āύ্āϝāĻিāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ, āϤা āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ āĻļাāύ্āϤি āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে । āϝাāϰা āĻ āϤিāϰিāĻ্āϤ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰে āϤাāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϝা āĻāĻে āϤা āύিāϝ়ে āĻāĻāύো āϏāύ্āϤুāώ্āĻ āĻšāϝ় āύা। āϤাāϰা āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻŦ্āϰ্āϝাāύ্āĻĄ, āĻĢ্āϝাāĻļāύ āĻāĻāĻেāĻŽ, āĻĄিāĻাāĻāύেāϰ āĻাāĻŽাāĻাāĻĒāĻĄ় āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻিāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻুāĻে āϝাāϝ়। āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏাāĻĨে āϤা āĻāĻāĻি āĻāϏāĻ্āϤিāϤে āĻĒāϰিāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϝা āĻ āĻŦāĻļেāώে āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāĻāĻাāϞ āĻোāĻ্āϤা āĻāĻāĻেāĻŽāĻুāϞি āĻĻোāĻাāύে āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύāĻুāϞিāϤে āĻāĻŽāύāĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļিāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϝাāϤে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āϤাāϰা āϤাā§āĻ্āώāĻŖিāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύেāϰ āĻ āύুāĻূāϤি āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰে । āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻ্āϰāĻŽাāĻāϤ āĻিāύিāϏ āĻিāύāϤে, āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻŦা āĻোāĻ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϞুāĻŦ্āϧ āĻšāĻ āĻāĻŽāύāĻি āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύ āύেāĻ। āĻāĻাāύে āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻāϞāĻে āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ āĻĨাāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻŦিāĻ্āϰāϝ়āĻāϰ্āĻŽীāϰা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻ āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāĻুāĻাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻিāύিāϏ āĻিāύāϤে āĻā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻāϰে। ‘āĻāĻি āĻāĻĒāύাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻāĻি āύিāĻুঁāϤ āĻŽাāύাāύāϏāĻ,' āϤাāϰা āĻŦāϞāĻŦে, āĻŦা ‘āĻāĻĒāύাāĻে āϏেāĻ āĻĒোāĻļাāĻে āĻুāĻŦ āĻ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻĻেāĻাāĻ্āĻে।' āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻুāϞāĻŦেāύ āύা, āϤাāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦেāĻļিāϰāĻাāĻ āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞে। āĻ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻāĻĨাāϝ় āĻĒ্āϰāϰোāĻিāϤ āύা āĻšāĻāϝ়াāĻ āĻাāϞো। āϤাāϰা āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻুāĻļি āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻুāϞি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻ্āϰাāĻšāĻ āϝāϤ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻিāύāĻŦেāύ, āϤāϤ āĻŦেāĻļি āϞাāĻ āĻšāĻŦে। āĻ āϤিāϰিāĻ্āϤ āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻেāύাāĻাāĻাāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻিāϤ āύāϝ়, āϤা āĻ āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻ্āϰিāϝ়াāĻāϞাāĻĒেāϰ āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻŦাāĻāϰে āĻাāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰেāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϝোāĻ্āϝ। āĻ āύেāĻে āϰেāϏ্āĻুāϰেāύ্āĻে āĻাāĻāϝ়াāϝ় āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻ āύেāĻ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻāĻāĻেāĻŽ āĻেāύেāύ। āϤাāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻিāĻু āĻেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻিāĻুāϞি āύāώ্āĻ āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻি āĻĻাāϝ়িāϤ্āĻŦāĻļীāϞ āĻŽāύোāĻাāĻŦ āύāϝ় । āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāĻŦাāϰ āύāώ্āĻ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰি āύা āĻেāĻŦāϞ āĻāĻāύ্āϝ āϝে āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāĻে āϤা āĻেāύাāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āϰāϝ়েāĻে।
āĻāĻāĻি āĻļāĻĒিং āĻŽāϞে āϝুāĻŦāĻāϰা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻļāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύীāϤে āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻেāĻŽ āĻĻেāĻে āĻāĻŦং āĻাāĻŦে ‘āĻāĻš āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻি āĻিāύāϤে āĻšāĻŦে। āĻāĻŽাāϰ āϏāϤ্āϝিāĻ āĻāĻা āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ।' āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽাāύিāĻŦ্āϝাāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ় āĻাāĻা āύাāĻ āĻĨাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে । āϤাāĻ āϤাāϰা āĻ্āϰেāĻĄিāĻ āĻাāϰ্āĻĄ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏেāĻুāϞো āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻāĻŖ āύেāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻŽāϤো। āϝāĻĻি āϤাāϰা āϏāϤāϰ্āĻ āύা āĻšāϝ় āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻŖ āĻŦেāĻĄ়ে āϝাāϝ় āϝা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻŖেāϰ āĻĢাঁāĻĻে āĻĢেāϞে āĻĻিāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāĻāύো āĻāĻāύো āĻļিāĻļুāϰা āĻāĻŽāύ āĻিāύিāϏ āĻেāύাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻিāĻĻ āϧāϰে āϝা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦা-āĻŽা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻেāĻ āύা āĻŦাāĻĄ়িāϝ়ে āĻĻিāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύ āύা । āĻāĻা āĻāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦāύ্āϧুāĻĻেāϰ āϤা āĻāĻে। āĻāĻা āĻ িāĻ āύāϝ় āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻা āĻŦাāĻŦা-āĻŽাāϝ়েāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦোāĻা āĻšāϝ়ে āĻĻাঁāĻĄ়াāϝ় ।
āĻāĻĒāϏংāĻšাāϰে, āĻেāϞিāĻিāĻļāύ āĻŦা āĻāύ্āĻাāϰāύেāĻেāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻে āĻŦিāĻ্āĻাāĻĒāύেāϰ āĻĢাঁāĻĻে āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻŦেāύ āύা। āĻāĻĒāύাāϰ āĻŦāϰং āύিāĻেāĻে āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰা āĻāĻিāϤ: “āĻāĻŽাāϰ āĻি āĻāĻি āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ?” āĻŦ্āϝāϝ় āĻāϰাāϰ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏ āύিāϝ়āύ্āϤ্āϰāĻŖ āĻāϰাāϰ āϏāϰ্āĻŦোāϤ্āϤāĻŽ āĻāĻĒাāϝ় āĻšāϞ 'āĻāĻŽাāϰ āĻী āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύ' āĻাāĻŦা āύāϝ়, āĻŦāϰং 'āĻāĻŽি āĻি āĻāĻি āĻাāĻĄ়া āĻāϞāϤে āĻĒাāϰি?'